title: The forming of the customs policy of Russia in the first half of the 19th century
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Nefedov, Sergey A.
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.accessioned
metadata.value: 2023-07-07T19:25:46Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.available
metadata.value: 2023-07-07T19:25:46Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.issued
metadata.value: 2023-06
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.citation
metadata.value: Nefedov, S. A. (2023) ‘The forming of the customs policy of Russia in the first half of the 19th century’, St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies, 39 (2), pp. 268–286. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2023.206 (In Russian)
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.identifier.other
metadata.value: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2023.206
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.uri
metadata.value: http://hdl.handle.net/11701/41737
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.description.abstract
metadata.value: The article is devoted to the study of the influence of customs policy on the economic development
  of Russia in the first half of the 19th century. If we do not take into account the demands
  of the coalition allies, then this policy was mainly determined by the struggle of two forces
  with opposing economic interests. One of the forces was “agrarians”, landowners-nobles, interested
  in free trade, that is, in the free export of agricultural products and the duty-free
  receipt of manufactured goods from industrial countries. Another force, whose role is still
  downplayed by historians, was the absolutist state, personified by the monarch and the central
  bureaucracy. The state was interested in maintaining military and financial power, and in
  economic independence. This implied an industry that had to be protected from foreign competition
  by high customs duties. The interests of these forces were reflected in the ideological
  confrontation. On the one hand, the ideas of Adam Smith’s “political economy” proclaiming
  freedom of trade were popular among the nobility. On the other hand, the bureaucracy
  used in its practice the ideas of traditional mercantilism. After the end of the Napoleonic
  wars, duties were significantly reduced (tariff of 1819), but the relative freedom of trade led
  to the massive ruin of Russian manufactories. As a result, the tariff of 1822 marked a decisive
  turn towards mercantilist politics. Although Treasury Secretary Kankrin was lip service to
  protectionism, he retained the most important mercantilist ban on metal imports by sea. In
  the absence of competition, the Ural industrialists were not interested in introducing new
  technology, and the industrial revolution passed by the Russian metallurgy. Thus, while the
  thoughtless transition to free trade in 1819 caused the ruin of a large part of the manufactures,
  the mercantelist policy carried to the extreme caused technical stagnation in the most important
  branches of the economy. This predetermined the further economic lag in the process of
  “great divergence”.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.language.iso
metadata.value: ru
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.publisher
metadata.value: St Petersburg State University
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.relation.ispartofseries
metadata.value: St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies;Volume 39; Issue 2
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: economic policy
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: customs policy
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: freedom of trade
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: mercantilism
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: protectionism
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: tariff of 1819
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: tariff of 1822
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.title
metadata.value: The forming of the customs policy of Russia in the first half of the 19th century
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.type
metadata.value: Article
metadata.lang: en_GB
resources.filename: 06.pdf
resources.url: https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/41737/1/06.pdf
resources.format: Adobe PDF
resources.size: 682,58 kB