title: Freedom and Unfreedom in the Russian Empire in the Debate between Chicherin and Rennenkampf at the End of the Nineteenth Century
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Hamburg, Gary
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.accessioned
metadata.value: 2024-07-11T19:16:33Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.available
metadata.value: 2024-07-11T19:16:33Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.issued
metadata.value: 2024-06
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.citation
metadata.value: Hamburg G. M. Freedom and Unfreedom in the Russian Empire in the Debate between Chicherin and Rennenkampf at the End of the Nineteenth Century. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History, 2024, vol. 69, issue 2, рp. 291–306. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.203
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.identifier.other
metadata.value: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2024.203
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.uri
metadata.value: http://hdl.handle.net/11701/45734
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.description.abstract
metadata.value: This article treats the polemic between the conservative-liberal Boris Chicherin and Nikolai
  Rennnenkampf on the Polish and Jewish questions. Some portions of the exchange appeared
  in legal, and others in clandestine editions. The initial critical encounter between them in the
  early 1880s was an abstract debate about the metaphysical grounding of rights. But already at
  that time, the two opponents raised the fundamental question as to whether Russia’s political
  future would focus on individual liberty or on the will of state officials and that of the majority
  in society. The polemic continued in the mid-1890s with Chicherin’s publication of Kurs
  gosudarstvennoi nauki, in which the conservative-liberal criticized the Church and the national
  policy of the Empire. The more conservative Rennnenkampf answered with two open letters,
  in which he castigated Poles for threatening the social equilibrium in the Western provinces of
  the Empire. Rennenkampf also viewed the Jewish question as “incomparably more complex”
  than the Polish question. Chicherin responded to Rennenkampf in a short book published
  abroad. He did not agree with Rennenkampf ’s assertion that the Jewish problem was “more
  complex” than the Polish question; indeed, Chicherin thought it “much simpler”. By the 1890s,
  Chicherin had changed his ideas about the Polish question but also about Russia’s readiness for
  constitutional government. Indeed, he had reached the conclusion that Russia itself was ready
  for a representative assembly. He was troubled by the Petersburg government’s promotion of
  Orthodoxy and of Russian language on the Empire’s western periphery. For Chicherin, the
  encounter with Rennenkampf had the highest possible stakes — the choice between freedom and unfreedom inside Russia itself. Rennenkampf called for unrelenting pressure on Russia’s
  “enemies”.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.language.iso
metadata.value: en
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.publisher
metadata.value: St Petersburg State University
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.relation.ispartofseries
metadata.value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. History;Volume 69; Issue 2
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: B. N. Chicherin and N. K. Rennenkampf
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: the polemic
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: the Polish and Jewish questions
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.title
metadata.value: Freedom and Unfreedom in the Russian Empire in the Debate between Chicherin and Rennenkampf at the End of the Nineteenth Century
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.type
metadata.value: Article
metadata.lang: en_GB
resources.filename: 03_Hamburg.pdf
resources.url: https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/45734/1/03_Hamburg.pdf
resources.format: Adobe PDF
resources.size: 660,33 kB