title: Important issues in select European Union countries’ criminal environmental law in compliance with Directive 2008/99/EC
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Zębek, Elżbieta
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.accessioned
metadata.value: 2021-08-25T13:27:02Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.available
metadata.value: 2021-08-25T13:27:02Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.issued
metadata.value: 2021-06
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.citation
metadata.value: Zębek, Elżbieta. 2021. “Important issues in select European Union countries’ criminal environmental law in compliance with Directive 2008/99/EC”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law 2: 356–373.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.identifier.other
metadata.value: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2021.207
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.uri
metadata.value: http://hdl.handle.net/11701/32958
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.description.abstract
metadata.value: This article analyzes issues in criminal environmental law in Poland, the Czech Republic and
  Germany, which implemented the provisions of the European Commission Directive 2008/99/
  EC. The provisions of this directive changed the scope of protection of environmental resources
  in these countries’ penal codes to varying extents. These three countries have been relatively
  successful in comprehensively implementing criminal directive provisions. This included
  changes in the special protection of Natura 2000 sites and ozone depleting substances. Legal
  systems are generally based on prevention and risk assessment, and the basic conditions of
  criminal responsibility for environmental crimes include “significant damage, causing damage
  to the health of another or animals and plants, damage to other property and also water, air,
  soil and environmental components which have significant value”. Additional aspects include
  environmental damage over larger areas and restoration costs. However, the greatest current
  problem is the vague definition of conditions of criminal responsibility, which makes it difficult
  to enforce legislation. The following postulates de lege ferenda were formulated: clarify the
  premises for offenses against the environment, specify the costs of remedying environmental
  damage, define critical emission standards for environmental crime, as well as specify activities
  in protected areas that threaten objects. This article emphasizes that an increased and better
  definition of the conditions of criminal responsibility for environmental crimes enacted by EU
  countries may contribute to more effective enforcement of infringements of environmental
  protection law.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.language.iso
metadata.value: en
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.publisher
metadata.value: St Petersburg State University
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.relation.ispartofseries
metadata.value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 12; Issue 2
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: criminal environmental law
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: implementation of provisions
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: system of national law
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: environmental resources
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: legally protected areas
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: crimes against environment
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: conditions of criminal responsibility
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.title
metadata.value: Important issues in select European Union countries’ criminal environmental law in compliance with Directive 2008/99/EC
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.type
metadata.value: Article
metadata.lang: en_GB
resources.filename: 356-373.pdf
resources.url: https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/32958/1/356-373.pdf
resources.format: Adobe PDF
resources.size: 670,88 kB