title: Basic norms of the scientific ethos
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Gubanov, Nikolai I.
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Gubanov, Nikolai N.
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.accessioned
metadata.value: 2021-11-02T13:05:03Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.available
metadata.value: 2021-11-02T13:05:03Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.issued
metadata.value: 2021-09
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.citation
metadata.value: Gubanov N. I., Gubanov N. N. Basic norms of the scientific ethos. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 2021, vol. 37, issue 3, pp. 416–427.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.identifier.other
metadata.value: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2021.304
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.uri
metadata.value: http://hdl.handle.net/11701/33388
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.description.abstract
metadata.value: The article aims to formulate and differentiate the norms of classical science, modern fundamental
  science, and applied science as wel as determine the areas where they intersect. The
  four standards of scientific ethos (CUDOS) proposed by R. Merton are considered: 1) Communalism:
  belief in the common achievements of scientific knowledge; 2) Universalism: the
  truth of statements should be evaluated regardless of the age, gender, race, authority and titles
  of scientists; 3) Disinterestedness: the primary stimulus of a scientist’s activity is a disinterested
  search for truth; 4) Organized Skepticism: the scientist is responsible for evaluating the
  soundness what other colleagues have done as well as the reliability of their results. Using
  the golden rule of morality, 12 more norms are formulated (5–16 in the text). A tendency of
  abandoning of Merton’s norms has arisen with the development of applied science and its
  commercialization. As an example, standards of the PLACE system by J. Ziman are described
  (ownership, patent; solution of local problems determined by authoritarian management;
  work orders; implementation of work by a limited circle of experts). When rejecting Merton’s
  norms, the features of fundamental and applied science are not taken into account. The article
  shows that Merton norms and the norms provided in paragraphs 5–16 relate to classical science
  and modern fundamental science. Ziman’s norms as well as the norms in the paragraphs
  noutid are applicable to applied science. The norms (5–16) are common to fundamental and
  applied science. Violations of the norms of scientific ethics, such as falsification of empirical material, plagiarism, incorrect quotation, undeserved authorship, and sale of dissertations,
  are highlighted the article. Their objective and subjective reasons are revealed. Although the
  behavior of scientists does not fully coincide with the norms of scientific ethos, it produces an
  important regulatory influence on the scientific community as an ideal, orienting scientists to
  achieve maximum objectivity of knowledge and its use for the benefit of society.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.language.iso
metadata.value: ru
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.publisher
metadata.value: St Petersburg State University
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.relation.ispartofseries
metadata.value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies;Volume 37; Issue 3
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: R. Merton
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: J. Ziman
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: ethos of science
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: the golden rule of morality
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: fundamental science
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: applied science
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: academic fraud
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.title
metadata.value: Basic norms of the scientific ethos
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.type
metadata.value: Article
metadata.lang: en_GB
resources.filename: 416-427.pdf
resources.url: https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/33388/1/416-427.pdf
resources.format: Adobe PDF
resources.size: 645,99 kB