title: Discovering Appearance of the Franks in Arab Sources (8th–9th Centuries)
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Chubarov, Denis A.
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.accessioned
metadata.value: 2024-09-27T13:49:07Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.available
metadata.value: 2024-09-27T13:49:07Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.issued
metadata.value: 2024-03
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.citation
metadata.value: Chubarov D. A. Discovering Appearance of the Franks in Arab Sources (8th–9th Centuries). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2024, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 234–246. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2024.114 (In Russian)
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.identifier.other
metadata.value: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2024.114
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.uri
metadata.value: http://hdl.handle.net/11701/47608
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.description.abstract
metadata.value: At the time of Crusades, the term “franks” (ifranj) was common Arabic word for the crusaders. Since that, almost any study of the Crusades from the “Islamic perspective” tends to discover francs in Arab sources. However, medieval Muslim authors mentioned the Franks since the early 9th century, long before the Crusades, but nobody asks when and how Arabic authors actually learn about the Franks. There is still a half-century-old hypothesis by B. Lewis, attributing the word “franc” (faranj) to the Greek “fráŋkos”. The aim of our article is to discover the original source from which the Arabs first learn about the Franks, so we study the 9th-century Arab texts reporting on the first known contact between Arabs and Franks 
  during the Muslim conquest of Spain. It seems that the Arabic faranj could hardly originate from the Greek fráŋkos, as the combination of letters <γκ> sounds as <nk> during this period (which corresponds to another Arabic form firank appearing in a number of texts in 11th–12th centuries and not widely used). That is why the Arabic franc could actually originate from
  Syriac as a transcription of the Syriac prangāiā. Based on message of the 9th-century historian Ibn Kutaiba we suppose that Arabs learned this term from the Syrian sailors who ensured the crossing of Muslim army through the Strait of Gibraltar in the spring of 711.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.language.iso
metadata.value: ru
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.publisher
metadata.value: St Petersburg State University
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.relation.ispartofseries
metadata.value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies;Volume 16; Issue 1
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: crusades
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Franks
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: image of the Other
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Arab conquest of Spain
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: battle of Poitiers
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.title
metadata.value: Discovering Appearance of the Franks in Arab Sources (8th–9th Centuries)
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.type
metadata.value: Article
metadata.lang: en_GB
resources.filename: 14_Чубаров+Д.+А._234-246.pdf
resources.url: https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/47608/1/14_%d0%a7%d1%83%d0%b1%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%2b%d0%94.%2b%d0%90._234-246.pdf
resources.format: Adobe PDF
resources.size: 828,71 kB