title: Amygdala complex: physiology of emotions and memory
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Tsvetkov, E. A.
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Krasnoshchekova, E. I.
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.accessioned
metadata.value: 2021-09-08T18:09:12Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.available
metadata.value: 2021-09-08T18:09:12Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.issued
metadata.value: 2020
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.isbn
metadata.value: 978-5-288-06046-5
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.other
metadata.value: https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288060465
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.uri
metadata.value: http://hdl.handle.net/11701/33118
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.description.abstract
metadata.value: The monograph provides a review of the world’s published scientific literature on the physiology
  of emotions that are based on the conditioned reflex reaction of fear. A detailed description of
  electrophysiological, molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity of the amygdala complex (amygdala),
  and their ability for long-term potentiation (LTP), as the basis for emotions and conditioned
  memory, is presented in this work. There are two categories of fear: innate and learned. Innate fear
  is realized like an unconditioned reflex by the genetically determined pathways. Learned fear is
  realized like a conditioned reflex and is formed as a result of learning during the combination of
  conditioned and unconditioned signals. A convergence of sensory inputs that carry the information
  on such signals occurs on the neurons of the lateral nuclei of the amygdala. Two types of amygdala
  cells (glutamatergic projection and GABAergic interneurons) receive inputs from the thalamus
  and cortex. The synapses of the projection cells are equally effective, while the thalamic synapses
  of interneurons are more effective. The response of projection neurons to the stimulation of cortical
  and thalamic afferents includes the monosynaptic excitatory glutamatergic AMPA and NMDA
  components and disynaptic inhibitory GABAergic components. The most important resources of
  the regulation of the excitatory efferents of the amygdala are GABAergic interneurons. During the
  stimulation of the thalamic input, the synapses of the interneurons shunt the membrane of the
  projection cells more effectively and decrease the level of long-term potentiation in comparison
  with the stimulation of the cortical input. The stages of the development of long-term potentiation
  are similar for short-term and long-term memory. The formation of the conditioned reflex is
  based on a short-term memory on the coincidence of the conditioned signal with an unconditioned
  traumatizing stimulus, and the consolidation — on the long-term memory. The association of the
  conditioned reflex reactions and long-term potentiation verify the results of the experiments on the
  manipulations with genes that encode proteins regulating the synaptic transmission and its plasticity.
  In animals with a knocked-out gene of gastrin-releasing peptide, easier initiation of long-term
  potentiation and formation of conditioned reflex reactions of fear are observed. The knock-out of
  the gene of oncoprotein18/stathmin leads to a deficit of long-term potentiation and complicates the
  expression of amygdala-dependent conditioned reflexes. The review and analysis of modern publications
  and the author’s research supplement the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion with evidence
  that a key role in the regulation of emotions is played by the amygdala complex that is characterized
  by neuronal mechanisms of stimuli filtration depending on their relevance, education, and
  formation of stimulus-conditioned memory. The annexes to the article contain the protocols of the
  electrophysiological experiments and methods of formation of conditioned reflex reaction of fear
  in animals.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.description.sponsorship
metadata.value: Financial support for the research, the results of which are included in the monograph, was provided
  by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, USA) No. MH080006, MH095905, St.
  Petersburg State University No. 1.38.333.2015.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.language.iso
metadata.value: ru
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.publisher
metadata.value: St Petersburg State University
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: fear
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: synaptic plasticity
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: long-term potentiation
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: amygdala-dependent reactions
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: stimulus-conditioned memory
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.title
metadata.value: Amygdala complex: physiology of emotions and memory
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.type
metadata.value: Book
metadata.lang: en_GB
resources.filename: 978-5-288-06046-5-Amygdala Complex_Wos.pdf
resources.url: https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/33118/1/978-5-288-06046-5-Amygdala%20Complex_Wos.pdf
resources.format: Adobe PDF
resources.size: 4,83 MB