title: Analysis and semantic interpretation of the Scandinavian ornament of the new early medieval war axe of the Volga-Kama type from the southern part of Republic of Moldova
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Bondar, Igor
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Lenkova, Ekaterina
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.accessioned
metadata.value: 2023-01-31T12:30:01Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.available
metadata.value: 2023-01-31T12:30:01Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.issued
metadata.value: 2022-12
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.citation
metadata.value: Bondar I. A., Lenkova E. N. Analysis and semantic interpretation of the Scandinavian ornament of the new early medieval war axe of the Volga-Kama type from the southern part of Republic of Moldova. Scandinavian Philology, 2022, vol. 20, issue 2, pp. 372–401.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.identifier.other
metadata.value: https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu21.2022.210
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.uri
metadata.value: http://hdl.handle.net/11701/38933
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.description.abstract
metadata.value: This study is devoted to the full-fledged introduction into scientific circulation of a
  unique early medieval iron war hatchet inlayed with silver originating from the southern
  steppe zone of the Dniester-Prut interfluve of present-day territory of Republic of Moldova.
  The ornamented battle axe of 10th–11th centuries was found near the village of Răzeni.
  The type of form of war axe from Răzeni is similar to type of war axes originated in the
  Middle Volga region, where there was a tradition of making similar ornamented war axes
  of this type. The main feature of the war ax from Răzeni is the Scandinavian ornament in
  Ringerike style. The semantics analysis of the ornamented motif and its interpretation —
  is one of the main tasks of this research work of the description and introduction of the
  unique find into scientific circulation. The image is interpreted as the tree of life Yggdrasil
  sprouting from the deck of the boat, which is worshiped by an anthropomorphic figure
  interpreted as a Viking. The present scientific work has widely direct and indirect analogies
  of Scandinavian origin from the Bronze to the Viking Age. The methodology of this
  research includes a deep and extensive comparative analysis of the motif elements on the
  surface of the war hatchet. The work makes a deep structural and semantic analysis in
  the broad context of ancient Germanic sources and previous scientific research on the
  worldview of the Vikings, reflected in their mythopoetic and mythological concepts and
  traditions. The ceremonial-battle axe from Răzeni was presumably made and ornamented
  in the Volga Bulgaria by order of a Viking-man, and then got in the borderland of Ancient
  Rus in the area of the Bugeac steppe of the Dniester-Prut interfluve of territory of
  present-day Republic of Moldova. The ceremonial-battle axe could have been brought in
  Bugeac steppe of the Dniester-Prut interfluve by means of circulation the international
  water arteries “from the Varangians to the Persians” along the Volga river, and “from the Varangians to the Greeks” along the Dniester river. The uniqueness of the ornamented war
  hatchet from Republic of Moldova is due to the fact that it is the first find of this type of
  axes in the Dniester-Prut interfluve of modern Republic of Moldova, and this axe no have
  direct analogies in eastern Europe. The early medieval ceremonial battle axe decorated
  with silver, contain the image of Old Norse cosmogonic representations in a stylized motif
  form on the surface of the hatchet. The unique item that captures the combination and
  interaction of different cultures at the junction of their intersection in the Medieval world.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.language.iso
metadata.value: ru
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.publisher
metadata.value: St Petersburg State University
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.relation.ispartofseries
metadata.value: Scandinavian Philology;Volume 20; Issue 2
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Republic of Moldova
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Dniester-Prut interfluve
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Bugeac steppe
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Răzeni village
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Rus’
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Scandinavia
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Volga Bulgaria
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Viking Age
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: early Middle Ages
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: war hatchet
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: battle axe
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: war axe
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: ornament
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Ringerike style
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: world tree
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Yggdrasil
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: boat
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: drakkar
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.title
metadata.value: Analysis and semantic interpretation of the Scandinavian ornament of the new early medieval war axe of the Volga-Kama type from the southern part of Republic of Moldova
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.type
metadata.value: Article
metadata.lang: en_GB
resources.filename: 372-401.pdf
resources.url: https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/38933/1/372-401.pdf
resources.format: Adobe PDF
resources.size: 3,88 MB