title: A new ‘catch 22’: ‘Protective measures’,  ‘preventive measures’ and ‘sports sanctions’ versus Russian athletes
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Vasilyev, Ilia A.
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.contributor.author
metadata.value: Vetrova, Evgenia G.
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.accessioned
metadata.value: 2023-06-19T12:39:48Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.available
metadata.value: 2023-06-19T12:39:48Z
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.date.issued
metadata.value: 2023-06
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.citation
metadata.value: Vasilyev, Ilia A., Evgenia G. Vetrova. 2023. “A new ‘catch 22’: ‘Protective measures’,  ‘preventive measures’ and ‘sports sanctions’ versus Russian athletes”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg  University. Law 2: 510–520. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.214
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.identifier.other
metadata.value: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2023.214
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.identifier.uri
metadata.value: http://hdl.handle.net/11701/41603
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.description.abstract
metadata.value: After the announcement of a Russian special military operation, the International Olympic 
  Committee (IOC) on February 28, 2022 offered its Recommendations to the Olympic Move ment (international sports federations and other global sports’ organizers) on the participa tion of subjects of Russian sports. The IOC recommended that Russian athletes should not 
  be allowed to participate in international competitions unless Russian participants act as 
  neutral athletes. Since that date, international sports federations have imposed and continue 
  to impose multidirectional negative measures against Russian athletes. Despite the formally 
  non-mandatory status of Recommendations, the federations have chosen Russian athletes’ 
  suspension and not “neutral status”, with rare exceptions (and the nuances of the decisions): 
  the International Judo Federation (IJF), the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the Inter national Automobile Federation (FIA), the International Cycling Union (ICU). Unfortunately, 
  suspensions of Russian athletes have become a “routine” practice of global sports in 2022. 
  The speed of making suspension-decisions identical to the IOC Recommendations raised a 
  well-founded question about the existence of legal grounds for suspensions in the regulation 
  of international federations. This research is focused on the types and content of “measures” 
  (“protective”, “preventive”, “sports sanctions”) against Russian athletes, including the IOC pro posed “protective” doctrine. As a result, at least three main points were identified. First, the 
  names “protective” and “preventive” are artificial, and all measures are identical in content. 
  Second, at the time the measures were adopted, the statutes of the sports federations did not 
  explicitly provide for either “protective measures” or “preventive measures”. Thirdly, the use of 
  “sports sanctions” as “measures” is not based on the statutes and constitutions of international 
  sports federations.
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.language.iso
metadata.value: en
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.publisher
metadata.value: St Petersburg State University
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.relation.ispartofseries
metadata.value: Vestnik of St Petersburg University. Law;Volume 14; Issue 2
metadata.lang: -
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: International Olympic Committee
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: international sports federations
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: protective measures
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: preventive measures
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: sports sanctions
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: suspensions of athletes
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.subject
metadata.value: Russian athletes
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.title
metadata.value: A new ‘catch 22’: ‘Protective measures’,  ‘preventive measures’ and ‘sports sanctions’ versus Russian athletes
metadata.lang: en_GB
metadata.name: dc.type
metadata.value: Article
metadata.lang: en_GB
resources.filename: 14.pdf
resources.url: https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/41603/1/14.pdf
resources.format: Adobe PDF
resources.size: 675,03 kB