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Reflection of Principles and Standards, Associated with Fulfillment of International Obligations on Prohibition of Biological Weapons in Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

(Criminal Code of the Russian Federation adopted by the State Duma on May 2, 1996 is approved by the Federation Council on June 5, 1996.)

  • Article 356. Application of inhibited means and methods of warfare
  • Article 355. Development, production, stockpiling, acquisition or sale of mass destruction weapon
  • Article 188. Smuggling
  • Article 189. Illegal export of technologies, scientific and technical information and services, used for development of mass destruction weapon, armament and military equipment


Article 356. Application of inhibited means and methods of warfare
2. Use of mass destruction weapon, inhibited by the international agreement of the Russian Federation, is subject to imprisonment for a period from ten up to twenty years.
Article 355. Development, production, stockpiling, acquisition or sale of mass destruction weapon
Development, production, stockpiling, acquisition or sale of chemical, biological, toxin, as well as other kind of mass destruction weapon, inhibited by the international agreement of the Russian Federation, are subject to imprisonment for a period from five up to ten years.
Article 188. Smuggling
2. Transference through customs border of the Russian Federation of: narcotic drugs, psychotropic, potent, poisonous, toxic, radioactive or explosive substances, weapons, explosive systems, firearm or ammunitions, nuclear, chemical, biological and other kinds of mass destruction weapon; materials and equipment, which can be used for development of mass destruction weapon and in respect of which specific rules of transference through customs border of the Russian Federation are instituted; strategical primary goods and cultural values, in respect of which the specific rules of transference through customs border of the Russian Federation are instituted, if this action is accomplished besides or with hiding from customs control either with fraudulent use of documents or means of customs identification or associated with no declaration or uncertain declaration, is subject to imprisonment for a period from three up to seven years with or without the confiscation of property.
3. Actions, provided for by Part 1 or Part 2 of the present article, committed:

а) repeatedly;

b) by official using its duty position;

c) with force to a person, carring out the customs control,
is subject to imprisonment for a period from five up to ten years with or without the confiscation of property.
4. Actions, provided for by Parts 1, 2, 3 of the present article, committed by organized group, is subject to imprisonment for a period from seven up to twelve years with theconfiscation of property.
Article 189. Illegal export of technologies, scientific and technical information and services, used for development of mass destruction weapon, armament and military equipment
The illegal export of technologies, scientific and technical information and services, which can be used for development of mass destruction weapon, means of its delivery, armament and military equipment and in respect of which the specific export control is instituted, is subject to a penalty at the rate of seven hundred up to one thousand of minimum sizes of labor salary or at the rate of labor salary or other income of convicted offender during the period of seven months up to one year, either imprisonment for a period from three up to seven years.